Evolution of the Structured Democratic Dialogue Process: Difference between revisions

The methodology was developed by Warfield in the seventies <ref>Warfield, J. N. (1976). Societal systems: Planning, policy and complexity. New York: Wiley.</ref> He used the [[Nominal Group Technique]] (NGT) in connection with the [[Interpretive Structural Modeling]] algorithm<ref>Warfield, J. N. (1982). “Interpretive Structural Modeling”. In S.A. Olsen (Ed.), Group Planning and Problem-solving Methods in Engineering (pp. 155-201). New York: Wiley.</ref> to define a process he called [[Interactive Management]]<ref>Warfield, J. N., & Cardenas, A. R. (1994). A handbook of interactive management. Ames, IA: The Iowa State University Press.</ref>. Interactive Management was validated between 1970-1974 mostly in Lab environments, using experimental Algorithms, which culminated to the release of the ISM DOS (Warfield). Fitz <ref>Fitz, R. (1974, November). Reflections on interpretive structural modeling as technology of social learning. In 1974 IEEE Conference on Decision and Control including the 13th Symposium on Adaptive Processes (pp. 693-696). IEEE.</ref> called his applications [[Technology of social learning]]. Broome and Christakis are credited for taking the methodology outside of the USA and conducting important socio-technical applications. [[Benjamin Broome|Broome]]'s applications in Cyprus (1994-1999)<ref>Broome, Benjamin J. (1995). Designing the Future of Peace-Building Efforts in Cyprus. Report of Design Workshops held during Fall 1994 and Spring of 1995 with Conflict Resolution Trainers and Project Leaders. Cyprus Fulbright Commission. [[media:Broome_Cyprus_Bi-communal_Trainers_Workshkops_1994-95_Report.pdf]]</ref> <ref>Broome, B. J. (1997). Designing a collective approach to peace: Interactive design and problem-solving workshops with Greek-Cypriot and Turkish-Cypriot communities in Cyprus. International Negotiation, 2(3), 381-407.</ref> <ref>Broome, B. J. (1998). Overview of conflict resolution activities in Cyprus: Their contribution to the peace process. Cyprus Review, 10(1), 47-66.</ref> <ref>Broome, B. J. (2002). Participatory planning and design in a protracted conflict situation: applications with citizen peace‐building groups in Cyprus. Systems Research and Behavioral Science: The Official Journal of the International Federation for Systems Research, 19(4), 313-321.</ref> <ref>Broome, B. J. (2004). Reaching across the dividing line: Building a collective vision for peace in Cyprus. Journal of Peace Research, 41(2), 191-209.</ref>, and later in Ireland and globally<ref>Hogan, M. J., Johnston, H., Broome, B., McMoreland, C., Walsh, J., Smale, B., ... & Groarke, A. M. (2015). Consulting with citizens in the design of wellbeing measures and policies: lessons from a systems science application. Social Indicators Research, 123(3), 857-877.</ref> <ref>McHugh, P., Domegan, C., Mazzonetto, M., Duane, S., Joyce, J., Devaney, M., ... & Piwowarczyk, J. (2017). Seas of energy: Using a systems research approach for a wicked problem. In Social Marketing (pp. 329-338). Routledge.</ref> <ref>Ma, J., Hogan, M. J., Eyre, E. L., Lander, N., Barnett, L. M., & Duncan, M. J. (2021). Enhancing the implementation and sustainability of fundamental movement skill interventions in the UK and Ireland: lessons from collective intelligence engagement with stakeholders. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 18(1), 1-17.</ref> <ref>Hogan, M., Harney, O., & Broome, B. (2015). Catalyzing collaborative learning and collective action for positive social change through systems science education. In The Routledge international handbook of research on teaching thinking (pp. 465-480). Routledge.</ref> were conducted in strict compliance with IM Process and are thus viewed as a late phase of GI. Because [[Aleco Christakis|Christakis]] has made modifications to the methodology and developed his own software, his contributions are considered as GII.